Prompt Injection Mitigation with Agentic AI, Nested Learning, and AI Sustainability via Semantic Caching

Prompt injection remains a central obstacle to the safe deployment of large language models, particularly in multi-agent settings where intermediate outputs can propagate or amplify malicious instructions. Building on earlier work that introduced a four-metric Total Injection Vulnerability Score (TIVS), this paper extends the evaluation framework with semantic similarity-based caching and a fifth metric (Observability Score Ratio) to yield TIVS-O, investigating how defence effectiveness interacts with transparency in a HOPE-inspired Nested Learning architecture. The proposed system combines an agentic pipeline with Continuum Memory Systems that implement semantic similarity-based caching across 301 synthetically generated injection-focused prompts drawn from ten attack families, while a fourth agent performs comprehensive security analysis using five key performance indicators. In addition to traditional injection metrics, OSR quantifies the richness and clarity of security-relevant reasoning exposed by each agent, enabling an explicit analysis of trade-offs between strict mitigation and auditability. Experiments show that the system achieves secure responses with zero high-risk breaches, while semantic caching delivers substantial computational savings, achieving a 41.6% reduction in LLM calls and corresponding decreases in latency, energy consumption, and carbon emissions. Five TIVS-O configurations reveal optimal trade-offs between mitigation strictness and forensic transparency. These results indicate that observability-aware evaluation can reveal non-monotonic effects within multi-agent pipelines and that memory-augmented agents can jointly maximize security robustness, real-time performance, operational cost savings, and environmental sustainability without modifying underlying model weights, providing a production-ready pathway for secure and green LLM deployments.

Key Contributions

• TIVS-O evaluation framework extending the four-metric TIVS with an Observability Score Ratio (OSR) to quantify auditability vs. mitigation trade-offs in multi-agent pipelines
• Nested Learning architecture with Continuum Memory Systems implementing semantic similarity-based caching across a three-stage agentic pipeline (generator, guard-sanitizer, policy enforcer) without modifying model weights
• Demonstrated 41.6% reduction in LLM calls via semantic caching, achieving zero high-risk breaches across 301 synthetic injection prompts from ten attack families with measurable energy and carbon savings

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